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Moved developers.markdown to readme.markdown. Fixes #132.

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# How to Create and Publish Packages
This file contains information mostly meant for developers willing to produce
[Nim](http://nim-lang.org) modules and submit them to the
[nim-lang/packages repository](https://github.com/nim-lang/packages). End
user documentation is provided in the [readme.markdown file](readme.markdown).
## Packages
A Nimble package is defined by an ini-like formatted file with the ``.nimble``
extension (this document uses the term ".nimble file" to refer to them). The
.nimble file should be named after the package it describes, i.e. a package
named "foobar" should have a corresponding ``foobar.nimble`` file.
These files specify information about the package including its name, author,
license, dependencies and more. Without one Nimble is not able to install
a package. A bare minimum .nimble file follows:
```ini
[Package]
name = "ProjectName"
version = "0.1.0"
author = "Your Name"
description = "Example .nimble file."
license = "MIT"
[Deps]
Requires: "nim >= 0.10.0"
```
You may omit the dependencies entirely, but specifying the lowest version
of the Nim compiler required is recommended.
Nimble currently supports installation of packages from a local directory, a
git repository and a mercurial repository. The .nimble file must be present in
the root of the directory or repository being installed.
### Libraries
Library packages are likely the most popular form of Nimble packages. They are
meant to be used by other library packages or the ultimate binary packages.
When nimble installs a library it will copy all the files in the package
into ``$nimbleDir/pkgs/pkgname-ver``. It's up to the package creator to make sure
that the package directory layout is correct, this is so that users of the
package can correctly import the package.
By convention, it is suggested that the layout be as follows. The directory
layout is determined by the nature of your package, that is, whether your
package exposes only one module or multiple modules.
If your package exposes only a single module, then that module should be
present in the root directory (the directory with the .nimble file) of your git
repository, it is recommended that in this case you name that module whatever
your package's name is. A good example of this is the
[jester](https://github.com/dom96/jester) package which exposes the ``jester``
module. In this case the jester package is imported with ``import jester``.
If your package exposes multiple modules then the modules should be in a
``PackageName`` directory. This will allow for a certain measure of isolation
from other packages which expose modules with the same names. In this case
the package's modules will be imported with ``import PackageName/module``.
You are free to combine the two approaches described.
In regards to modules which you do **not** wish to be exposed. You should place
them in a ``PackageName/private`` directory. Your modules may then import these
private modules with ``import PackageName/private/module``. This directory
structure may be enforced in the future.
All files and folders in the directory of where the .nimble file resides will be
copied as-is, you can however skip some directories or files by setting
the ``SkipDirs``, ``SkipFiles`` or ``SkipExt`` options in your .nimble file.
Directories and files can also be specified on a *whitelist* basis, if you
specify either of ``InstallDirs``, ``InstallFiles`` or ``InstallExt`` then
Nimble will **only** install the files specified.
### Binary packages
These are application packages which require building prior to installation.
A package is automatically a binary package as soon as it sets at least one
``bin`` value, like so:
```ini
bin = "main"
```
In this case when ``nimble install`` is invoked, nimble will build the ``main.nim``
file, copy it into ``$nimbleDir/pkgs/pkgname-ver/`` and subsequently create a
symlink to the binary in ``$nimbleDir/bin/``. On Windows a stub .bat file is
created instead.
Other files will be copied in the same way as they are for library packages.
Binary packages should not install .nim files so you should include
``SkipExt = "nim"`` in your .nimble file, unless you intend for your package to
be a binary/library combo which is fine.
Dependencies are automatically installed before building. Before publishing your
package you should ensure that the dependencies you specified are correct.
You can do this by running ``nimble build`` or ``nimble install`` in the directory
of your package.
### Hybrids
One thing to note about library and binary package hybrids is that your binary
will most likely share the name of the package. This will mean that you will
not be able to put your .nim files in a ``pkgname`` directory. The current
convention to get around this problem is to append ``pkg`` to the name as is
done for nimble.
## Dependencies
Dependencies are specified under the ``[Deps]`` section in a nimble file.
The ``requires`` key field is used to specify them. For example:
```ini
[Deps]
Requires: "nim >= 0.10.0, jester > 0.1 & <= 0.5"
```
Dependency lists support version ranges. These versions may either be a concrete
version like ``0.1``, or they may contain any of the less-than (``<``),
greater-than (``>``), less-than-or-equal-to (``<=``) and greater-than-or-equal-to
(``>=``). Two version ranges may be combined using the ``&`` operator for example:
``> 0.2 & < 1.0`` which will install a package with the version greater than 0.2
and less than 1.0.
Specifying a concrete version as a dependency is not a good idea because your
package may end up depending on two different versions of the same package.
If this happens Nimble will refuse to install the package. Similarly you should
not specify an upper-bound as this can lead to a similar issue.
In addition to versions you may also specify git/hg tags, branches and commits.
These have to be concrete however. This is done with the ``#`` character,
for example: ``jester#head``. Which will make your package depend on the
latest commit of Jester.
### Nim compiler
The Nim compiler cannot read .nimble files. Its knowledge of Nimble is
limited to the ``nimblePaths`` feature which allows it to use packages installed
in Nimble's package directory when compiling your software. This means that
it cannot resolve dependencies, and it can only use the latest version of a
package when compiling.
When Nimble builds your package it actually executes the Nim compiler.
It resolves the dependencies and feeds the path of each package to
the compiler so that it knows precisely which version to use.
This means that you can safely compile using the compiler when developing your
software, but you should use nimble to build the package before publishing it
to ensure that the dependencies you specified are correct.
## Versions
Versions of cloned packages via git or mercurial are determined through the
repository's *tags*.
When installing a package which needs to be downloaded, after the download is
complete and if the package is distributed through a VCS, nimble will check the
cloned repository's tags list. If no tags exist, nimble will simply install the
HEAD (or tip in mercurial) of the repository. If tags exist, nimble will attempt
to look for tags which resemble versions (e.g. v0.1) and will then find the
latest version out of the available tags, once it does so it will install the
package after checking out the latest version.
You can force the installation of the HEAD of the repository by specifying
``#head`` after the package name in your dependency list.
# Submitting your package to the package list.
Nimble's packages list is stored on github and everyone is encouraged to add
their own packages to it! Take a look at
[nim-lang/packages](https://github.com/nim-lang/packages) to learn more.
# .nimble reference
## [Package]
### Required
* ``name`` - The name of the package.
* ``version`` - The *current* version of this package. This should be incremented
**after** tagging the current version using ``git tag`` or ``hg tag``.
* ``author`` - The name of the author of this package.
* ``description`` - A string describing the package.
* ``license`` - The name of the license in which this package is licensed under.
### Optional
* ``SkipDirs`` - A list of directory names which should be skipped during
installation, separated by commas.
* ``SkipFiles`` - A list of file names which should be skipped during
installation, separated by commas.
* ``SkipExt`` - A list of file extensions which should be skipped during
installation, the extensions should be specified without a leading ``.`` and
should be separated by commas.
* ``InstallDirs`` - A list of directories which should exclusively be installed,
if this option is specified nothing else will be installed except the dirs
listed here, the files listed in ``InstallFiles``, the files which share the
extensions listed in ``InstallExt``, the .nimble file and the binary
(if ``bin`` is specified). Separated by commas.
* ``InstallFiles`` - A list of files which should be exclusively installed,
this complements ``InstallDirs`` and ``InstallExt``. Only the files listed
here, directories listed in ``InstallDirs``, files which share the extension
listed in ``InstallExt``, the .nimble file and the binary (if ``bin`` is
specified) will be installed. Separated by commas.
* ``InstallExt`` - A list of file extensions which should be exclusively
installed, this complements ``InstallDirs`` and ``InstallFiles``.
Separated by commas.
* ``srcDir`` - Specifies the directory which contains the .nim source files.
**Default**: The directory in which the .nimble file resides; i.e. root dir of
the package.
* ``binDir`` - Specifies the directory where ``nimble build`` will output
binaries.
**Default**: The directory in which the .nimble file resides; i.e.
root dir of the package.
* ``bin`` - A list of files which should be built separated by commas with
no file extension required. This option turns your package into a *binary
package*, nimble will build the files specified and install them appropriately.
* ``backend`` - Specifies the backend which will be used to build the files
listed in ``bin``. Possible values include: ``c``, ``cc``, ``cpp``, ``objc``,
``js``.
**Default**: c
## [Deps]/[Dependencies]
### Optional
* ``requires`` - Specified a list of package names with an optional version
range separated by commas.
**Example**: ``nim >= 0.10.0, jester``; with this value your package will
depend on ``nim`` version 0.10.0 or greater and on any version of ``jester``.

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@ -266,12 +266,245 @@ and install it. Installation and build instructions are contained inside a
ini-style file with the ``.nimble`` file extension. The nimble file shares the ini-style file with the ``.nimble`` file extension. The nimble file shares the
package's name. package's name.
### How to Create and Publish Packages
This file contains information mostly meant for developers willing to produce
[Nim](http://nim-lang.org) modules and submit them to the
[nim-lang/packages repository](https://github.com/nim-lang/packages). End
user documentation is provided in the [readme.markdown file](readme.markdown).
#### Packages
A Nimble package is defined by an ini-like formatted file with the ``.nimble``
extension (this document uses the term ".nimble file" to refer to them). The
.nimble file should be named after the package it describes, i.e. a package
named "foobar" should have a corresponding ``foobar.nimble`` file.
These files specify information about the package including its name, author,
license, dependencies and more. Without one Nimble is not able to install
a package. A bare minimum .nimble file follows:
```ini
[Package]
name = "ProjectName"
version = "0.1.0"
author = "Your Name"
description = "Example .nimble file."
license = "MIT"
[Deps]
Requires: "nim >= 0.10.0"
```
You may omit the dependencies entirely, but specifying the lowest version
of the Nim compiler required is recommended.
Nimble currently supports installation of packages from a local directory, a
git repository and a mercurial repository. The .nimble file must be present in
the root of the directory or repository being installed.
##### Libraries
Library packages are likely the most popular form of Nimble packages. They are
meant to be used by other library packages or the ultimate binary packages.
When nimble installs a library it will copy all the files in the package
into ``$nimbleDir/pkgs/pkgname-ver``. It's up to the package creator to make sure
that the package directory layout is correct, this is so that users of the
package can correctly import the package.
By convention, it is suggested that the layout be as follows. The directory
layout is determined by the nature of your package, that is, whether your
package exposes only one module or multiple modules.
If your package exposes only a single module, then that module should be
present in the root directory (the directory with the .nimble file) of your git
repository, it is recommended that in this case you name that module whatever
your package's name is. A good example of this is the
[jester](https://github.com/dom96/jester) package which exposes the ``jester``
module. In this case the jester package is imported with ``import jester``.
If your package exposes multiple modules then the modules should be in a
``PackageName`` directory. This will allow for a certain measure of isolation
from other packages which expose modules with the same names. In this case
the package's modules will be imported with ``import PackageName/module``.
You are free to combine the two approaches described.
In regards to modules which you do **not** wish to be exposed. You should place
them in a ``PackageName/private`` directory. Your modules may then import these
private modules with ``import PackageName/private/module``. This directory
structure may be enforced in the future.
All files and folders in the directory of where the .nimble file resides will be
copied as-is, you can however skip some directories or files by setting
the ``SkipDirs``, ``SkipFiles`` or ``SkipExt`` options in your .nimble file.
Directories and files can also be specified on a *whitelist* basis, if you
specify either of ``InstallDirs``, ``InstallFiles`` or ``InstallExt`` then
Nimble will **only** install the files specified.
##### Binary packages
These are application packages which require building prior to installation.
A package is automatically a binary package as soon as it sets at least one
``bin`` value, like so:
```ini
bin = "main"
```
In this case when ``nimble install`` is invoked, nimble will build the ``main.nim``
file, copy it into ``$nimbleDir/pkgs/pkgname-ver/`` and subsequently create a
symlink to the binary in ``$nimbleDir/bin/``. On Windows a stub .bat file is
created instead.
Other files will be copied in the same way as they are for library packages.
Binary packages should not install .nim files so you should include
``SkipExt = "nim"`` in your .nimble file, unless you intend for your package to
be a binary/library combo which is fine.
Dependencies are automatically installed before building. Before publishing your
package you should ensure that the dependencies you specified are correct.
You can do this by running ``nimble build`` or ``nimble install`` in the directory
of your package.
##### Hybrids
One thing to note about library and binary package hybrids is that your binary
will most likely share the name of the package. This will mean that you will
not be able to put your .nim files in a ``pkgname`` directory. The current
convention to get around this problem is to append ``pkg`` to the name as is
done for nimble.
#### Dependencies
Dependencies are specified under the ``[Deps]`` section in a nimble file.
The ``requires`` key field is used to specify them. For example:
```ini
[Deps]
Requires: "nim >= 0.10.0, jester > 0.1 & <= 0.5"
```
Dependency lists support version ranges. These versions may either be a concrete
version like ``0.1``, or they may contain any of the less-than (``<``),
greater-than (``>``), less-than-or-equal-to (``<=``) and greater-than-or-equal-to
(``>=``). Two version ranges may be combined using the ``&`` operator for example:
``> 0.2 & < 1.0`` which will install a package with the version greater than 0.2
and less than 1.0.
Specifying a concrete version as a dependency is not a good idea because your
package may end up depending on two different versions of the same package.
If this happens Nimble will refuse to install the package. Similarly you should
not specify an upper-bound as this can lead to a similar issue.
In addition to versions you may also specify git/hg tags, branches and commits.
These have to be concrete however. This is done with the ``#`` character,
for example: ``jester#head``. Which will make your package depend on the
latest commit of Jester.
##### Nim compiler
The Nim compiler cannot read .nimble files. Its knowledge of Nimble is
limited to the ``nimblePaths`` feature which allows it to use packages installed
in Nimble's package directory when compiling your software. This means that
it cannot resolve dependencies, and it can only use the latest version of a
package when compiling.
When Nimble builds your package it actually executes the Nim compiler.
It resolves the dependencies and feeds the path of each package to
the compiler so that it knows precisely which version to use.
This means that you can safely compile using the compiler when developing your
software, but you should use nimble to build the package before publishing it
to ensure that the dependencies you specified are correct.
#### Versions
Versions of cloned packages via git or mercurial are determined through the
repository's *tags*.
When installing a package which needs to be downloaded, after the download is
complete and if the package is distributed through a VCS, nimble will check the
cloned repository's tags list. If no tags exist, nimble will simply install the
HEAD (or tip in mercurial) of the repository. If tags exist, nimble will attempt
to look for tags which resemble versions (e.g. v0.1) and will then find the
latest version out of the available tags, once it does so it will install the
package after checking out the latest version.
You can force the installation of the HEAD of the repository by specifying
``#head`` after the package name in your dependency list.
### Submitting your package to the package list.
Nimble's packages list is stored on github and everyone is encouraged to add
their own packages to it! Take a look at
[nim-lang/packages](https://github.com/nim-lang/packages) to learn more.
### .nimble reference
#### [Package]
##### Required
* ``name`` - The name of the package.
* ``version`` - The *current* version of this package. This should be incremented
**after** tagging the current version using ``git tag`` or ``hg tag``.
* ``author`` - The name of the author of this package.
* ``description`` - A string describing the package.
* ``license`` - The name of the license in which this package is licensed under.
##### Optional
* ``SkipDirs`` - A list of directory names which should be skipped during
installation, separated by commas.
* ``SkipFiles`` - A list of file names which should be skipped during
installation, separated by commas.
* ``SkipExt`` - A list of file extensions which should be skipped during
installation, the extensions should be specified without a leading ``.`` and
should be separated by commas.
* ``InstallDirs`` - A list of directories which should exclusively be installed,
if this option is specified nothing else will be installed except the dirs
listed here, the files listed in ``InstallFiles``, the files which share the
extensions listed in ``InstallExt``, the .nimble file and the binary
(if ``bin`` is specified). Separated by commas.
* ``InstallFiles`` - A list of files which should be exclusively installed,
this complements ``InstallDirs`` and ``InstallExt``. Only the files listed
here, directories listed in ``InstallDirs``, files which share the extension
listed in ``InstallExt``, the .nimble file and the binary (if ``bin`` is
specified) will be installed. Separated by commas.
* ``InstallExt`` - A list of file extensions which should be exclusively
installed, this complements ``InstallDirs`` and ``InstallFiles``.
Separated by commas.
* ``srcDir`` - Specifies the directory which contains the .nim source files.
**Default**: The directory in which the .nimble file resides; i.e. root dir of
the package.
* ``binDir`` - Specifies the directory where ``nimble build`` will output
binaries.
**Default**: The directory in which the .nimble file resides; i.e.
root dir of the package.
* ``bin`` - A list of files which should be built separated by commas with
no file extension required. This option turns your package into a *binary
package*, nimble will build the files specified and install them appropriately.
* ``backend`` - Specifies the backend which will be used to build the files
listed in ``bin``. Possible values include: ``c``, ``cc``, ``cpp``, ``objc``,
``js``.
**Default**: c
#### [Deps]/[Dependencies]
##### Optional
* ``requires`` - Specified a list of package names with an optional version
range separated by commas.
**Example**: ``nim >= 0.10.0, jester``; with this value your package will
depend on ``nim`` version 0.10.0 or greater and on any version of ``jester``.
## Contribution ## Contribution
If you would like to help, feel free to fork and make any additions you see fit If you would like to help, feel free to fork and make any additions you see fit
and then send a pull request. If you are a developer willing to produce new and then send a pull request.
Nimble packages please read the [developers.markdown file](developers.markdown)
for detailed information.
If you have any questions about the project you can ask me directly on github, If you have any questions about the project you can ask me directly on github,
ask on the Nim [forum](http://forum.nim-lang.org), or ask on Freenode in ask on the Nim [forum](http://forum.nim-lang.org), or ask on Freenode in